the truth :: essays research papers

Shona is an agglutinative language, employing both prefixes and suffixes. Nouns, verbs, and adjectives are all identifiable, as well as personal pronouns, demonstratives, positional prefixes, and various types of agreement markers. All agreement morphology in Shona is prefixal. Nouns are divisible into a number of classes, based both on the agreement morphology in the verb and on the morphology of the noun itself. Verbs: Finite Verbs The order of elements in the Shona finite verb is shown in (1). (1) (NEG)-SUBJ-(TMA)*-(OBJ)-Ãâ€"-(DERIV. SUFF.)*-(PASS.)-FV-(OBJ2) The asterisk is a convention adopted from syntactic phrase structure rules; however, whereas there it is used to indicate that an element may appear an indefinite number of times, we use it here to indicate that we are unsure of the maximum number of TMA elements and derivational suffixes allowed in a single verb. We are also unsure how stringently the TMA elements and derivational suffixes are ordered. "FV" is a convention borrowed from Bantuist notation. It stands for "final vowel". This vowel is /a/ in the positive indicative for almost all verbs. A few verbs (/ri/ "be", /si/ "not be", /ti/ "say") appear to have an intrinsic final /i/, while some others (/NÆ’ge/~/NÆ’gi/~/NÆ’ga/ [an auxiliary (perhaps a sort of copula)], /ne/~/na/ "have", /Ve/~/Va/ "be") alternate between /e/ and /a/ (and sometimes /i/) in ways we do not yet understand. In the negative indicative, the final vowel for all verbs except those just mentioned is /a/, except in the present habitual, where the final vowel is /e/~/i/ (our consultant indicated that these are in free variation). See the section on the imperative for more about the final vowel. The Shona personal agreement morphemes for the subject are given in Table 1. Person Singular Plural 1p nÆ’d"$- t"$Ãâ€" 2p u$- mu$- 3p a@- ~ wa@- Va@- Table 1: Personal subject prefixes Our consultant indicated that /waÃâ€"/ for the third-person singular conveys slightly more respect than /aÃâ€"/. Respect may also be shown by using second- and third-person plural forms for singular referents. First- and second-person subject prefixes appear to have low tone underlyingly, while third-person subject prefixes have underlying high tone. Subject agreement appears to be absolutely obligatory for all Shona verbs. The personal agreement morphemes for the object are given in Table 2. Person Singular Plural 1p -nÆ’di- -ti- 2p -ku- -ku-†¦-i 3p -mu- -Va- Table 2: Personal object prefixes. Note that the first-person singular and plural and the third-person plural are identical to the subject prefixes, while the rest differ. The second-person plural object marker consists of two parts, /ku/ immediately before the root and /i/ at the end of the verb, after the final vowel. the truth :: essays research papers Shona is an agglutinative language, employing both prefixes and suffixes. Nouns, verbs, and adjectives are all identifiable, as well as personal pronouns, demonstratives, positional prefixes, and various types of agreement markers. All agreement morphology in Shona is prefixal. Nouns are divisible into a number of classes, based both on the agreement morphology in the verb and on the morphology of the noun itself. Verbs: Finite Verbs The order of elements in the Shona finite verb is shown in (1). (1) (NEG)-SUBJ-(TMA)*-(OBJ)-Ãâ€"-(DERIV. SUFF.)*-(PASS.)-FV-(OBJ2) The asterisk is a convention adopted from syntactic phrase structure rules; however, whereas there it is used to indicate that an element may appear an indefinite number of times, we use it here to indicate that we are unsure of the maximum number of TMA elements and derivational suffixes allowed in a single verb. We are also unsure how stringently the TMA elements and derivational suffixes are ordered. "FV" is a convention borrowed from Bantuist notation. It stands for "final vowel". This vowel is /a/ in the positive indicative for almost all verbs. A few verbs (/ri/ "be", /si/ "not be", /ti/ "say") appear to have an intrinsic final /i/, while some others (/NÆ’ge/~/NÆ’gi/~/NÆ’ga/ [an auxiliary (perhaps a sort of copula)], /ne/~/na/ "have", /Ve/~/Va/ "be") alternate between /e/ and /a/ (and sometimes /i/) in ways we do not yet understand. In the negative indicative, the final vowel for all verbs except those just mentioned is /a/, except in the present habitual, where the final vowel is /e/~/i/ (our consultant indicated that these are in free variation). See the section on the imperative for more about the final vowel. The Shona personal agreement morphemes for the subject are given in Table 1. Person Singular Plural 1p nÆ’d"$- t"$Ãâ€" 2p u$- mu$- 3p a@- ~ wa@- Va@- Table 1: Personal subject prefixes Our consultant indicated that /waÃâ€"/ for the third-person singular conveys slightly more respect than /aÃâ€"/. Respect may also be shown by using second- and third-person plural forms for singular referents. First- and second-person subject prefixes appear to have low tone underlyingly, while third-person subject prefixes have underlying high tone. Subject agreement appears to be absolutely obligatory for all Shona verbs. The personal agreement morphemes for the object are given in Table 2. Person Singular Plural 1p -nÆ’di- -ti- 2p -ku- -ku-†¦-i 3p -mu- -Va- Table 2: Personal object prefixes. Note that the first-person singular and plural and the third-person plural are identical to the subject prefixes, while the rest differ. The second-person plural object marker consists of two parts, /ku/ immediately before the root and /i/ at the end of the verb, after the final vowel.

Lifeboat Ethics and People

Garrett Hardin (b. 1915) is interested in natural science who publishes this to the people who does not know that much information. He graduated at the University of Chicago and at Stanford University where he received Ph.D. which help him in his passion of being a connector between society and an environment. The books he has written so far are for example, Lifeboat Ethics: The Case Against Helping the Poor (1974).Helping people that are less fortunate perpetuates the cycle of misfortune and has nothing to help them. In terms of studying an environment earth is called a â€Å"spaceship† to better develop the idea of world ethics where people live in societies with different rules and powers. Those who are seen as rich ones live on lifeboats and poor ones are in water swimming around them. People from not developed countries keep trying to board on the â€Å"lifeboat† in order to survive but â€Å"we must recognize the limited capacity of any lifeboat† (Hardin 47 8) because otherwise no one will survive. The reason for this is the significant difference between growth of population the poor and rich countries.The amount of increasing poor countries would in quarter of the  decade significantly damage the rich ones by consumption and after a decade they might sink them down completely. â€Å"The fundamental error of spaceship ethics, and the sharing it requires, is that it leads to what I call the tragedy of the commons† (480). The way how to help poor people to survive was to create a world food bank but â€Å"a wise and competent government saves out of the production of the good years in anticipation of bad years to come† (481), moreover the not advanced countries would take it all and not give back.The final decision goes from old Chinese adage: â€Å"Give a man a fish and he will east for a day; teach him how to fish and he will eat for rest of his days† which solves the situation. However, the environment, such as , forests or beaches at the expense of the rising population decreases for example, India and its increasing population every year by 15 million.The author seems that he know what he talks about in this article according to his evidence that he is deep focus in his passion for nature and received degrees in high status universities in a similar subject. He did not mention any sources of information he used which could prove his believes. He truly stated facts such as, the population growth is increasing with an example, of India or that rich countries drive the world principles and not economically advanced countries need a help from them and makes the article persuasive.The whole piece leads to conclusion where the author comes back to his first paragraph including information about ethics and control of people’s behavior. People sometimes do not always choose the right decisions based on their culture, location, and thinking. Author tries to explain how they should perceive the world around them and be aware of change in a future according to environmentalists. Even though that the article was written more than thirty years ago it apposite the people’s way of doing things and especially the population growth and the end of the text leads into overall successful summary.According to what is happening in the world in the 21st century this paper shows its true contain. He gives a real manner of how society should look like in order to establish the atmosphere which could consequently better associate people from different side of a boat. People without any rules will live with a status called Anarchy which has never accomplished any success. People’s ancestors for example, in Babylon used to have a social system where rich were in head of the town and  poor had to work hard for them. Although Babylon disappeared most likely because of natural disaster, the system brought them power and prosperity.

The Changing Face of TV essays

The Changing Face of TV essays African American are living better they were twenty years ago and so our television shows need to reflect that. We now see real people along with the portrayals of African Americans who are lawyers, doctors, and successful entertainers who also, earn major roles where the plots revolve exclusively around them. The quantity of programming devoted to African American culture today, provides us with unlimited choices from which to choose. After careful study, Steinhorn and Diggs-Brown concluded, During the hours when only one show depicts an African American character, we find that the media consistently depicts African Americans as good hard working people in positions of authority. We also see the familiar faces of celebrities selling various products (590-591). While the depiction of African Americans in the media has made great strides in recent years, many of the shows that we know and love today are still infused with negative stereotypes. On the surface, they seem to be sayi ng positive things about African Americans, but underneath they still illustrate the slanted view typical of American TV. When we examine two popular shows, Frasier and Girlfriends we see how the depiction of race has changed and how it has stayed the same, helping prevent an honest depiction of African American culture. We have already established that negative images persist, but they do not represent the African American community as a whole. We now know that class structures within the African American community decide what type of life you will live. Frasier and Girlfriends display different views of African American life and how we communicate. Both shows depict the lives of the upper-middle class, so they are somewhat similar in that respect, but each choose to use different races which is ironic because both are produced by the same person. Change the race of the characters and it c...

Online Masters Degree Programs California Essays

Online Masters Degree Programs California Essays Online Masters Degree Programs California Essay Online Masters Degree Programs California Essay Rating  Online Masters Degree Programs California  should be near the top of the list. While many professionals pursue online course studies while working, so do students who have conflicting schedules and busy lives.   A degree gives leverage to increasing earning potential, breaking into new fields, or to specialize in a particular area. Many of the finest universities in California have compiled detailed lists of their online classes so students can peruse the course options open to them.   They started a website called, California Virtual Campus to aid students in their quest for online graduate school programs within the state of California. The Rossier School of Education at theUniversityofSouthern Californiais one of the leaders in online graduate degrees. They offer online graduate degrees focusing on developing future leaders.   The California online masters programs focus on teaching students the necessary skills in whatever educational setting works best for the student. No matter what degree you are pursuing, accounting, finance, or business management, the online master’s programs of California utilize the latest in educational technology to prepare advanced learning.   State of the art learning management systems ensure a free flowing avenue of communication between instructors and students. Click the Banner below for the Official: Online Masters Degree Programs California

Law - Affirmative Action Policies Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Law - Affirmative Action Policies - Essay Example iduals with no consideration of race, sex, color, national origin, religious creed, ancestry, marital status, mental disability, sexual orientation, age, physical disability or learning disability (Schmidt, 2008). Therefore, organizations will not demand for genetic information from its employees or job applicants. The demand for such information leads to discrimination against the person on the foundation of hereditary information in an employment situation (Schmidt, 2008). Furthermore, anyone with a previous criminal conviction will not be discriminated or aligned with the crime in employment conditions. It is therefore, the goal and purpose of action policies to ensure equal opportunities to all. Organizational policies, which entail employment applications, job specifications, job structuring, job qualifications, recruitment practices, counseling, grievances procedures, layoffs and terminations should be undertaken without discrimination of any form (Sander, 2004). In order to ensure that there is no discrimination; affirmative action policies will help monitor the whole process. The hiring difficulties that are experienced by the older persons and those who are physically disabled are recognized by these policies through establishment of a plan of action that eliminates employment obstacles and actively recruit members from the discriminated minority group (Sander, 2004). This is aimed at protecting such group of persons and achieving their full participation in the workplace and therefore, such policies are still needed. Affirmative action policies give favored treatments to the minorities in the society and should be retained because of the desirability of diversity in the society (Sander, 2004). Such diversity will be completely lost if it is left to probability. Through these policies, the disadvantaged in the society will get a boost and thus be able to stand on their own. Furthermore, affirmative action policies represent people at areas of learning

International Joint Ventures Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3250 words

International Joint Ventures - Essay Example Reasons for shifting to wholly owned subsidiaries rather than joint ventures Wholly owned subsidiaries and joint ventures Subsidiaries are those companies which are controlled by larger organizations like an MNC. It guarantees full operational ownership in the host country. A wholly owned subsidiary is one where the parent company owns 100% stocks of the subsidiary company. These are the expensive and complicated form of market entry. To establish a wholly owned subsidiary, a company can either enter into ventures with a local company or can establish a new venture on its own in the host country (Charles & Jones, 2007, p.290). A joint venture is a strategic move adopted by countries while setting up a business outside their home countries. In joint ventures a group of companies come together to conduct a specific business objective (Gutterman, 2002, p.1). Basically wholly owned subsidiaries and joint ventures differ on the aspect of ownership. While joint venture companies may be own ed by two or more companies wholly owned subsidiaries are owned by a single company which maintains complete control over it. In the light of the trade reforms and practices introduced by WTO, it becomes easy for a country to establish its subsidiary company in a foreign country where it would have its complete control over the daily activities. Many companies avoid in establishing joint ventures due to the complexities involved in the coordinating policies, decisions and execution with a different company. Let us take the example of the Chinese economy. The trade reforms have changed the Chinese economy drastically. China which previously had its monopoly over almost all of its trading activities by the state owned companies (Siyuan, 2007, p.22) has now adopted the WTO policies by becoming one of its member countries (International Joint Ventures in China after WTO Accession: Will Trust Relations Change?, 2005, p.5). It has opened its markets in agriculture to the world. With the e stablishment of WTO trade rules, baking industry in China underwent a sea change. Foreign banks that were not allowed to operate freely in the Chinese market found the opportunity to establish international wholly owned subsidiaries in the country that would be controlled by the foreign national companies. This was beneficial for the Chinese economy too as the foreign banks introduced new technology and which helped to increase the economic growth (Foreign banks develop in China after WTO entry, 2011). The relative advantages and disadvantages of the JVC versus the wholly-owned subsidiary as a means of market entry Trade reforms introduced by WTO- an idea After the establishment of WTO in 1995, many trade reforms were introduced across countries. This has extended to the Asian countries too like China and India. WTO introduced several reforms in the trading system. WTO has lowered trade barriers across nations through negotiation. This has resulted in reduced costs of production as the import cost gets lowered and the cost of the resources which became cheaper. This directly leads to the reduction in the cost of the consumer articles which reduces the cost of living for the people (World Trade Organization, 2008, p.6). Reducing trade barriers have also increased the income levels of the companies both at a personal level and also from its business perspective. This also contributes in increasing the world

Lobbying has lead to the corruption of the American political system Essay

Lobbying has lead to the corruption of the American political system - Essay Example Lobbying drastically dents the system affecting the fair pattern that had been initially previously. Lobbying and corruption is the framework of any society that goes hand in hand. They are the only reason so as to why and how a commoner can approach and thereby influence the working mechanism of the equipment's of the state. (Aidt, pg 8). The reason of this might lie in the difference that is present in the two domains that is lobbying and corruption which are not very important. In economics this perception has been supported by the most precise and accurate model which lays stress on lobbying (Grossman and Helpman, pg 833–50. ) but this could most likely itself be a model leading to corruption. As put forward by Aidt in his article â€Å"The view that corruption can be ef?ciency-enhancing has a long tradition in economics† (Aidt 2). This clearly shows that corruption has a very old history with economics. According to this theory a person who is lobbying has influenc e on the decision makers therefore providing them with the resources required. This model states that the politicians are only concerned about the resources but not about what actually tempts them towards such resources. These resources can be anything from money to bribes or political programs. These resources are used efficiently and the corruption is rather created by the interest groups involved. Grossman and Helpman put forward the role of interest groups in practicing corruption in the following words â€Å"Interest groups participate in the political process in order to influence policy outcomes† (Grossman & Helpman 833). Bribing is a controversial subject when it comes to lobbying. One of the most common lobbying practices is bribery. Nownes puts the practice of bribing in the following words â€Å"Among the most common questionable lobbying practices are bribery and the use of sex and alcohol to gain favorable treatment from government..† (Nownes,118). The rea son that bribing can be completely irrelevant to the policy makers is lobbying. At times bribing is the only reason because of which lobbying tends to happen. Benefits that come to a lobbying organization come directly from those who are bribed. This can be seen in the following words â€Å"Each industry must pay enough in bribes to ensure that the government plus other bribing industries together are at least as well off as they would be if they refuse the bribe† (Ito and Rose, 23). The facts states that lobbying is targeted towards the bodies that are responsible to make policies apart from the Bureaucracy that brings about and sets another dissimilarity because the legislature is responsible to pitch in the policies which the lobbyist might be interested in and also to set the rules which make bribing easy or more difficult. Corruption has its own extensive effects on the decision of joining a lobbying organization. American political system has been merely affected by cor ruption particularly because of lobbying. Such organizations which work on promoting lobbying have been really successful as all the high decision making bodies having superiority over the common citizen play this game very shrewdly. â€Å"By official estimates, lobbying is the third largest enterprise in our nation’s capital, after government and tourism (Genovese and Myers,180). It is because of this high rate of corruption, people do not have any faith in the government and